Pope Paul VI declared Mary as 'Mother of the Church' at Vatican II.
During the Second Vatican Council, on November 21, 1964, Pope Paul VI proclaimed the Virgin Mary as the "Mother of the Church." This title was formally integrated into the Catholic Church’s ecclesiology in the dogmatic constitution Lumen gentium. This event highlighted Mary's ongoing significance and underscored the Church's recognition of her maternal role in the spiritual lives of Christians. This declaration symbolized a deepened understanding of Mary's role in salvation history, fostering a more personal and communal Marian devotion while upholding her as a model of faith and obedience for all Christians.